In recent years, the saiga population in the North-Western Caspian region has been at an extremely low level - about 3500-5000 individuals. Long-term studies carried out on the territory of the Stepnoi Reserve of the Astrakhan region, selected as a model site, made it possible to identify the features of the spatial distribution and ethological structure of this population, and also to establish that its main part throughout the year is kept within the Stepnoi Reserve and in the surrounding areas.