Two international meetings on the conservation of steppe ungulates were held from 25 - 30 October 2004 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The first was devoted to the conservation and management of the Mongolian gazelle, Procapra gutturosa, and was organized by the World Conservation Society (WCS), in collaboration with the US Agency for International Development, the UNDP/ GEF Project on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustain- able Livelihood Options in the Grasslands of Eastern Mongolia, the WWF Mongolian Program Office and the Mongolian Academy of Sciences.